Avtor IF; foto: shutterstock.com 8:52 dop ZANIMIVO

Strupene rastline: Pikasti mišjak, s katerim so zastrupili Sokrata

Strupeni so vsi deli rastline, še posebno pa semena in korenika. Vsebuje številne alkaloide (koniin, gama konicein), ki delujejo kot živčni strupi.

Pikasti mišjak (Conium maculatum) je strupena zelnata kobulnica, ki so jo v antični Grčiji uporabljali za usmrtitev zapornikov.

Zraste lahko tudi več kot dva metra v višino. Steblo je votlo, gladko in prepoznavno po rdečih ali vijoličnih pegah. Veliki tanki listi so pernato deljeni, beli cvetovi so združeni v do petnajst centimetrov velike kobule, drobni plodovi pa so rjavi in spominjajo na kumino.

Vonj po miših

Pikasti mišjak najpogosteje uspeva ob poteh, na grušču, v bližini potokov, v živih mejah, na zapuščenih obdelovalnih površinah.

Ker je v naravi mogoče najti kar nekaj kobulnic s podobnimi cvetovi, je potrebna previdnost. Pikasti mišjak lahko med drugim spoznamo po vonju: pri mečkanju listov ali cvetov rastlina oddaja neprijeten vonj po miših, zaradi katerega je dobila nenavadno ime.

Ni pa to najprimernejši način, saj se lahko zastrupimo tudi skozi kožo.

S strupom te rastline so usmrtili Sokrata, ki je pred smrtjo prisebno opisal simptome
zastrupitve. Pri zastrupitvi se pojavijo slabost, bruhanje, slinjenje, bolečina v trebuhu,
razširjene zenice, pospešeno bitje srca, krči in ohromitev mišic, ki lahko privedejo do
zadušitve.

Rastlina je nevarna za pse in mačke.

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