Avtor Andreja Šalamun 12:00 pop ZDRAVJE

Maščobe in holesterol niso glavni krivec bolezni srca?

Na področju primerne prehrane za zdravje je v zadnjih letih prišlo do pomembnih sprememb. Povišan vnos maščob ni kriv za bolezni srca? 

»Osnova prehranske piramide je bila postavljena pred desetletji, in sicer ob ideji, da so maščobe glavni krivec za bolezni srca in ožilja. Na ta račun se je v ZDA in Evropi pa tudi drugje po svetu zaradi živilske industrije razširila ponudba izdelkov z veliko sladkorja in malo maščob. Nehote se je tako močno razširilo uživanje živil in živilskih produktov rafiniranih ogljikovih hidratov, ki je v kombinaciji s hitro prehrano (sladko, slano, mastno) dodatno povečalo tveganje za zdravje,« pove certificirana nutricionistka Mojca Cepuš.

Pojasni, da so raziskave iz leta 2012 izpodbile trditev, da je povišan vnos maščob in holesterola krivec za bolezni srca in ožilja, leta 2015 pa so raziskovalci ugotovili, da ni povezave med vnosom maščob in kardiovaskularnimi boleznimi, koronarno srčno boleznijo, sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 in povišano smrtnostjo.

Holesterol je nujno potreben

Na tako imenovanem rdečem seznamu so se v preteklosti znašla tudi jajca in holesterol. »Ta se v telesu v celicah in jetrih izdeluje sam, zato vnos s hrano ni nujno potreben. Gre pa za izredno pomembno snov, saj je holesterol nujen za izgradnjo in vzdrževanje celičnih membran v vseh celicah našega telesa, odgovoren je tudi za presnovo maščobotopnih vitaminov, tvorbo žolča, vitamina D in steroidnih hormonov. Raziskava iz leta 2020 ugotavlja, da zmeren vnos jajc enkrat dnevno ni povezan s povečano pojavnostjo srčno-žilnih zapletov,« navede Mojca Cepuš.

Poudari, da pri svojem strokovnem delu predpisovanja večjega števila jajc kot sedemkrat tedensko ne uporablja, kar velja zlasti za osebe s hiperholesterolemijo. »Holesterol iz prehrane sicer ne povečuje holesterola v krvi neposredno, vendar lahko osebam z motnjami v presnovi maščob (dislipidemija) dodaten vnos holesterola prej škoduje kot koristi, zato se jajcem v tem primeru preventivno izognemo,« pojasni.

 

Članek je bil v celoti objavljen v reviji Eko dežela V sožitju generacij 2020.

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