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Svet ptic: Hribski škrjanec, znan po “undulirajočem” letu

Spomladi ob jutranjem svitu lahko slišimo značilno melodično petje lū-lū-lū-lū-lū- toolooeet toolooeet toolooeet redkega in ogroženega hribskega škrjanca. Ste ga že slišali?

Hribski škrjanec (Lullula arborea) je do 15 cm velik in do 35 g težak ptič iz družine škrjancev. Njegovo perje je rjave barve, na glavi ima izrazito belo nadočesno črto in manjšo perjanico, ki pa ni nujno vidna.

Značilno prepevanje lahko slišimo z vrhov dreves, ki je predvsem namenjeno označevanju teritorija in privabljanju samic. Med letom ga lahko prepoznamo po značilnem “undulirajočem” letu, ko med letom v enakomernih intervalih zloži krila in se spiralno spušča.

Hribski škrjanec gnezdi na travniku dvakrat letno

Hribski škrjanec je delna selivka, ki se seli v primeru hudih zim, ob mili zimi posamezne ptice prezimijo. Živi v polodprti krajini, v svetlih borovih gozdovih, kulturni krajini s suhimi ekstenzivnimi travniki z raznoliko zeliščno vegetacijo. Na njegovem jedilniku se najpogosteje znajdejo žuželke in pajki, pozimi pa semena in zeleni deli rastlin.

Par si gnezdo splete v kotanji iz trav, mahu in korenin. Samica vanj znese od 3 do 5 belih jajc z rjavimi madeži, ki jih potem vali od 13 do 15 dni. Za mladiče skrbita oba starša naslednjih 11 do 13 dni, potem pa se pripravita na ponovitev vaje, saj imata dva zaroda letno.

Ogroža ga intenzivno kmetijstvo

V Sloveniji je hribski škrjanec razširjen na območju Vipavske doline, Krasa, Snežnika, Pivškega in na južnem pobočju Trnovskega gozda, na drugi strani države pa na območju Krajinskega parka Goričko. Ogroža ga predvsem izguba habitata zaradi intenzivnega kmetovanja.

Suhi travniki se pogosteje kosijo, gnojijo, izginjajo posamezna grmovja, drevesa ter mejice, travnatih pasov med njivskimi površinami pogosto več ni. Na drugi strani se suhi travniki zaradi majhne donosnosti opuščajo in posledično zaraščajo v gozdne sestoje. Ptica ima pri nas status močno ogrožene vrste in je zavarovana.

Vir: Krajinski park Goričko

Poglejte si še več zanimivih ptic:
od gozdnih specialistov do ptic Divje Slovenije

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